Perfect gas and ideal gas

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In an ideal gas, molecules are considered to and only . This model applies mainly to .

The ideal gas model assumes that the mass thermal capacities Cp and Cv , which is strictly true only for monoatomic gases (which do not involve any mode of rotation or molecular vibration). This hypothesis is all the less satisfactory as the gas molecule contains more atoms (and therefore possible vibratory modes).

This model leads to the ideal gas law , in which .

An ideal gas differs from an ideal gas in that its thermal capacities , but depend only on temperature.

For such gases, we can easily show that the internal energy u and the enthalpy h .